Do you pay capital gains on Treasury bills?
When short term T bills mature, the interest income is mistakenly shown as capital gains in tax reports. The interest is taxable on Fed, tax exempt on most states. T bills are short term zero coupon purchased at a discount and paid at face vale at maturity.
T-Bill Tax Considerations
The interest income that you may receive from investing in a treasury bill is exempt from any state or local income taxes, regardless of the state where you file your taxes. However, you will need to report interest income from these investments on your federal tax return.
If you sell your T-bill early, you're going to pay tax on interest and usually not a capital gain (exceptions occur). We've had some investors misunderstand the taxation of bills, thinking that if they sell the bill before maturity, the "gain" is a capital gain and not interest.
Use the Education Exclusion. With that in mind, you have one option for avoiding taxes on savings bonds: the education exclusion. You can skip paying taxes on interest earned with Series EE and Series I savings bonds if you're using the money to pay for qualified higher education costs.
Zero-coupon Treasuries are taxed as if you were receiving annual interest income, even though you won't receive any income until the bond matures.
Interest income from Treasury bills, notes and bonds - This interest is subject to federal income tax, but is exempt from all state and local income taxes.
Currently, Treasuries maturing in less than a year yield about the same as a CD. Therefore, all things considered, it likely makes more sense to choose Treasuries over CDs, depending on your situation, because of the tax benefits and liquidity when considering very short-term maturities.
Bills are sold at a discount. The discount rate is determined at auction. Bills pay interest only at maturity. The interest is equal to the face value minus the purchase price.
When the bill matures, you are paid its face value. You can hold a bill until it matures or sell it before it matures.
Thus, T-bills are considered a safe and conservative investment since the U.S. government backs them. T-bills are generally held until the maturity date. However, some holders may wish to cash out before maturity and realize the short-term interest gains by reselling the investment in the secondary market.
Which Treasury bonds are tax free?
Municipal Bonds
This means interest on these bonds are excluded from gross income for federal tax purposes. In addition, interest on the bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes.
Interest from your bonds goes on your federal income tax return on the same line with other interest income.
If you invest in TreasuryDirect, your 1099 will be available electronically and you can print the form from your account. 1099 forms are available by January 31 of each tax year.
Although not paid until maturity, income from zero-coupon STRIPS is taxable in the year in which it accrues. Increases in TIPS principal value as a result of inflation adjustments are taxed as capital gains in the year they occur, even though an investor does not collect these gains until TIPS are sold or mature.
Like most investments, a bond can earn investors money in two ways: through fixed interest payments when an investor holds onto it over a period of time — or by selling it at a higher price than when they first bought it. Unfortunately, like most investments, bonds are also subject to capital gains taxes.
Interest from Treasury bills (T-bills) is subject to federal income taxes but not state or local taxes. The interest income received in a year is recorded on Form 1099-INT. Investors can opt to have up to 50% of their Treasury bills' interest earnings automatically withheld.
The 3-Month Treasury bill is a short-term U.S. government security with a constant maturity period of 3 months. The Federal Reserve calculates yields for "constant maturities" by interpolating points along a treasury curve comprised of actively traded issues of term (e.g., 1 month) maturities.
Treasury bills are short-term investments, with a maturity between a few weeks to a year from the time of purchase. Treasury bonds are more varied and are longer-term investments that are held for more than a year. Treasury bonds also have a higher interest payout than bills.
While interest rates and inflation can affect Treasury bill rates, they're generally considered a lower-risk (but lower-reward) investment than other debt securities. Treasury bills are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. If held to maturity, T-bills are considered virtually risk-free.
When you buy T-bills through your bank, it may charge you additional fees and expenses such as sales commissions or transaction charges. These extra costs can add up over time and eat into your returns on your investment.
What is better than T-bills?
Treasury bonds tend to pay higher interest than the shorter T-bills and notes to compensate investors for the interest rate risks they take with their purchase.
Taxes: Treasury bills are exempt from state and local taxes but still subject to federal income taxes. That makes them less attractive holdings for taxable accounts. Investors in higher tax brackets might want to consider short-term municipal securities instead.
Principal Payments at Maturity
SGS bonds and T-bills are redeemed at face (par) value when they mature. The face value of the SGS and the last interest payment will be automatically credited to your bank account. You do not need to take any action, and there is no transaction fee.
For example, a $1,000 T-Bill may be sold for $970 for a three-month T-Bill, $950 for a six-month T-Bill, and $900 for a twelve-month T-Bill. Investors demand a higher rate of return to compensate them for tying up their money for a longer period of time.
To sell a bill you hold in TreasuryDirect or Legacy TreasuryDirect, first transfer the bill to a bank, broker, or dealer, then ask the bank, broker, or dealer to sell the bill for you. How you transfer a bill to a bank, broker, or dealer depends on whether you hold the bill in TreasuryDirect or Legacy TreasuryDirect.
